IMO's work to mitigate climate change through mandatory energy efficiency requirements for international shipping has been outlined during the Bonn UN Climate change Conference (1-11 June), where 190 countries are meeting to work on the text of the Paris 2015 universal climate agreement. IMO's Astrid Dispert has presented IMO's ongoing work to the 42nd session of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA 42) under Agenda item 8(c)"Emissions from fuel used for international aviation and maritime transport".